“PROTECT AND SERVE: THE 2024 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PRODUCT SAFETY AND CONSUMER ADVOCACY”

In today's globalized market, international cooperation is crucial to ensure product safety, as products are often manufactured in one country and sold in another, both online and in traditional stores. Global supply chains, varying safety standards, and the rapid growth of e-commerce make it essential for countries to collaborate in harmonizing regulations, enforcing recalls, and maintaining consumer trust. By working together, nations can ensure that products meet consistent safety standards, regardless of their origin, protecting consumers worldwide and fostering safer global trade. That is why, Ramkrishna Law Firm & Research Centre, Chikodi, Karnataka; Dr. D.Y. Patil Law College Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, & The Safety Chic Nigeria collaborated and organised “PROTECT AND SERVE: THE 2024 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PRODUCT SAFETY AND CONSUMER ADVOCACY” on September 20-21, 2024.

The event witnessed an impressive gathering of over 150 distinguished participants, with 26 scholarly paper presentations, 6 eminent keynote speakers, and 3 esteemed guests, contributing to a robust exchange of ideas and fostering intellectual discourse at the highest level. The participants represented a diverse array of stakeholders, including national authorities, international regulators, consumer organizations, industry leaders, standard-setting bodies, test laboratories, academics, legal professionals, and students. This broad representation ensured a comprehensive and multidisciplinary dialogue on the critical issues of product safety and consumer advocacy.

Participants relished inspiring and interactive plenary sessions, and ample opportunities for networking. These elements fostered dynamic exchanges and collaboration, enhancing the overall experience and impact of the event.

Opening Ceremony

The opening ceremony featured a distinguished welcome address by Ms. Samrudhee Shah, Assistant Professor at Dr. D.Y. Patil Law College, Pimpri, followed by a profound presentation from Ms. Ugochi Obidiegwu, Founder of The Safety Chic, Nigeria. Ms. Obidiegwu highlighted the pressing need for heightened awareness of product safety regulations, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children and online consumers. She emphasized the importance of establishing global safety standards to protect consumers in both physical and digital markets, setting a decisive and impactful tone for the conference.

In Inaugural Address, Hon’ble Justice Paramjeet Singh Dhaliwal, Former Judge of the Punjab and Haryana High Court and Former Member of the Consumer Commission, underscored the pivotal role of evolving legal frameworks in fortifying product safety and the imperative for stringent enforcement of consumer protection laws. Justice Dhaliwal eloquently articulated the delicate equilibrium between fostering economic progress and safeguarding consumer welfare, asserting unequivocally that consumer safety must never be compromised for profit. In his address, he presented several critical recommendations for both consumers and government authorities. He exhorted consumers to remain vigilant and well-informed, advocating for greater transparency from governments, markets, and brands. He further underscored the necessity of embedding consumer rights education within school curricula, from an early age, to nurture a culture of informed consumption. Moreover, he called for the formation of consumer advocacy groups, particularly with a dedicated focus on rural communities, to ensure their voices are amplified. Addressing the government, Justice Dhaliwal urged the strengthening of regulatory and enforcement mechanisms while fostering greater international cooperation in consumer protection. He highlighted the need for every nation to establish a comprehensive product recall system and maintain a publicly accessible database of unsafe products. He commended the European Union for setting exemplary standards in consumer awareness, also noting that countries like Japan and South Korea have made significant strides in this domain. Justice Dhaliwal further cited the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), e-commerce regulations, and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) as pivotal checks in India's regulatory landscape to safeguard consumers.

The Chief Guest, Mr. Arnau Izaguerri Vila, Legal Officer for Competition and Consumer Policies at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), delivered an insightful address focusing on global efforts to harmonize product safety standards. He emphasized the vital roles played by governments, industries, and consumer organizations in ensuring compliance with these standards. Mr. Vila highlighted UNCTAD's ongoing commitment to supporting developing nations in fortifying their consumer protection frameworks, particularly in the face of rapid digital advancements. His address also touched on the key themes of product safety, consumer protection, and sustainability, stressing the crucial role of enforcement officials, policymakers, and international collaboration in creating a safer marketplace. He remarked, "Consumer protection extends beyond product safety to include safeguarding our planet. Advocating for sustainable practices like reuse and recycling not only protects consumers but also ensures a healthier, more responsible future for generations to come."

Dr. S. S. Gopakumar, In-Charge Principal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Law College, Pimpri, delivered the Presidential Remarks, profoundly stating that "Consumer protection and product safety transcend mere regulatory obligations, representing a collective social responsibility." The opening ceremony concluded with a gracious Vote of Thanks by Ms. Shivanjali Mane, Senior Researcher at the Ramkrishna Law Firm & Research Centre, Chikodi, expressing deep appreciation to all dignitaries and participants.

Inaugural Session was skilfully moderated by Ms. Isha Patel, student of B.A. LL.B III, Dr.D.Y.Patil Law College, Pimpri who ensured the smooth flow of inauguration.

Technical Session: 1-

Guardians of Growth: Advancing Safety Standards for Children’s Products

The session illuminated the intricate nexus between product safety, economic considerations, legal frameworks, and international trade regulations. The session underscored the paramount importance of enforcing rigorous safety standards to safeguard the well-being of young consumers, emphasizing that protecting this vulnerable demographic is not only a legal imperative but also a critical driver of sustainable economic growth and international market trust.

Ms. Ugochi Obidiegwu, Founder of The Safety Chic, Nigeria, delivered an illuminating address on consumer product safety, presenting critical statistics that in 2023, consumer product-related injuries totalled 12,740,256—reflecting less than a 1% increase from 2022. While this marginal rise is noteworthy, the total remains 5.4% below pre-pandemic levels in 2019, signifying progress in safety measures. However, Ms. Obidiegwu cautioned that sustained vigilance and ongoing innovation in consumer protection are imperative to further drive down these figures. She also underscored the grave risks posed by small parts in toys, which present severe choking hazards, stressing that *"Age-appropriate designs are crucial, ensuring toys are tailored to the developmental stages of children, a key step in preventing injuries and safeguarding their well-being."* Furthermore, she championed comprehensive testing and certification protocols, advocating that both physical and mechanical testing, alongside chemical testing, are essential. Only through rigorous certification can it be ensured that products meet safety standards and surpass consumer expectations for quality and protection.

Dr. Pratapsinh Salunkhe, Officer on Special Duty - Vice Chancellor’s Office, Associate Dean & Associate Professor, followed with a powerful address on the critical importance of child safety in the rapidly expanding e-commerce landscape. He emphasized that "Ensuring child safety in products is paramount in the digital marketplace. Online retailers must take responsibility by rigorously vetting products, enforcing stringent safety standards, and providing clear, age-appropriate labelling to protect our youngest consumers from preventable hazards." Dr. Salunkhe also highlighted the necessity of establishing dedicated safety laboratories, noting that "The creation of safety laboratories is crucial for ensuring that products conform to stringent safety standards. These laboratories play a pivotal role in testing, verifying, and certifying products, thereby building consumer trust and enabling manufacturers to meet both national and international compliance requirements." His remarks underscored the indispensable role of safety infrastructure in ensuring consumer protection and reinforcing industry accountability.

The session progressed with a series of thought-provoking presentations, each offering critical insights into pressing issues within the realm of consumer protection. The presentation titled "Balancing Economics and Safety: The Interplay Between Product Safety Standards and International Trade Laws in the Global Children's Product Industry," delivered by Mr. Moulitharun S. and Mr. Sharuk Ahamed S., provided a profound analysis of the intersection between international trade laws and product safety standards. The presenters critically examined the challenges posed by global trade regulations in enforcing stringent safety requirements for children's products, proposing strategic solutions to balance economic imperatives with the protection of young consumers. They underscored the need for globally harmonized safety standards that safeguard children while fostering sustainable economic growth.

Ms. N. Reena Roy and Ms. E. Deepa followed with their presentation, "The Evils of Adulterated Social Media and Saddened Face on Child Consumer Protection in India with Special Reference to Tamil Nadu – The Earnest Exploration," which explored the complexities of child consumer protection in the digital era. Their discourse highlighted the harmful effects of adulterated social media content and misleading advertisements, particularly in Tamil Nadu, offering critical insights into the challenges of regulating digital platforms to protect children from deceptive practices.

Dr. Aparna J. Shinde concluded this segment with her presentation on "Safety Standards for Children's Products," stressing the urgent need for implementing rigorous safety standards. She advocated for policy reforms and preventive measures to enhance child safety, emphasizing that only through comprehensive regulatory frameworks can children's well-being be assured in a globalized marketplace.

Further into the session, Dr. Thippeswamy S delivered an insightful presentation titled "A Critical Perspective on The Role of Social Media Influencers in Product Safety and Consumer Protection." He examined the growing influence of social media influencers on consumer behaviour and underscored the need for robust regulatory frameworks to protect consumers from misleading promotions and endorsements that could compromise product safety.

Dr. Datta Kumar and Dr. Caroleena Janefer then presented "Parental Rights and Responsibilities in the Age of Consumerism," exploring the evolving roles of parents in guiding their children through modern consumerism. They highlighted the importance of parental oversight in ensuring product safety and emphasized that parents must play an active role in navigating the consumer landscape to make informed choices on behalf of their children.

The session concluded with a compelling presentation by Ms. Amulya Raj on "Consumer Safety and Environmental Protection: A Legal Perspective on Sustainable Practices and Regulatory Frameworks." Ms. Raj provided an in-depth analysis of the intersection between consumer safety and environmental protection, advocating for sustainable practices within the legal framework. She stressed the importance of regulatory measures that not only ensure consumer protection but also promote environmental sustainability, reflecting the need for forward-thinking policies that address both consumer well-being and ecological stewardship.

Chairpersons Dr. Sourabh V.C. Ubale, Ms. Diseye Oba and Ms. Bini Thomas provided a comprehensive reflection on the presentations, commending the presenters for their thorough research and innovative solutions to enhance product safety, particularly for children. They highlighted the need for continuous improvement in safety standards and the vital role of stakeholders, including governments, industries, and consumer organizations, in advocating for stricter regulations. Dr. Ubale emphasized the importance of harmonizing global safety protocols to create a safer marketplace, while Ms. Oba underscored the shared responsibility of all stakeholders to enforce these standards. Dr. Apoorva Dixit and Dr. Saleem Shaikh offered expert feedback, focusing on the rising influence of social media influencers and the need for responsible product endorsement practices. They stressed the importance of regulatory frameworks to protect consumers, particularly children, from misleading advertisements. Dr. Shaikh emphasized the ethical responsibility of brands and influencers in maintaining product safety and fostering consumer trust.

Technical Session-1 was skilfully moderated by Ms. Samta Gupta B.A. LL.B. III, who ensured the smooth flow of presentations and discussions throughout the session. The session concluded with a gracious Vote of Thanks delivered by Mr. Murali Manjrekar, Researcher, RKLFRC, where he expressed his sincere appreciation to the presenters for their deep insights.

Technical Session 2:

Securing the Future: Enhancing Product Safety in the Digital Realm

This session focused on the evolving challenges and opportunities presented by the digital marketplace in ensuring product safety. With the rapid expansion of e-commerce and the increasing prevalence of global supply chains, securing the safety and quality of products particularly those purchased online—has become more complex yet critically important. The session addressed how regulatory frameworks, market surveillance, and international collaboration can adapt to the digital realm, with a specific focus on protecting vulnerable groups, such as children, from unsafe products. Participants explored the need for stringent enforcement of safety standards and the role of innovative technologies in monitoring and addressing consumer grievances.

Mr. Antonino Serra Cambaceres’s keynote address provided an in-depth analysis of the importance of market surveillance in maintaining safety standards and ensuring product quality, particularly in the context of a digital marketplace. He emphasized that "Effective market surveillance is essential to ensure that products circulating in the marketplace meet safety and quality standards." By continuously monitoring the market, regulators can proactively identify non-compliant or unsafe products, prevent their sale, and protect consumers from potential harm. Antonino highlighted that robust enforcement not only fosters consumer trust but also promotes fair competition by ensuring that businesses adhere to the same safety regulations. He further discussed the pioneering international collaboration between the European Union, Australia, and Korea, which have united in a groundbreaking safety pledge to address consumer grievances through innovative digital platforms. This alliance demonstrates the growing recognition of the need for cross-border cooperation in regulating e-commerce, where products may bypass traditional safety checks. Antonino stressed the significance of this collaboration, stating that "Together, we are taking concrete steps to enhance consumer protection and ensure that every voice is heard." This joint effort reflects a global commitment to consumer safety, particularly in the digital marketplace, where products often move freely across borders. A critical issue Antonino raised was the alarming non-compliance of many children's toy products with the European Union's CE mark—an essential safety certification. He pointed out that many toys sold online fail to meet the EU's stringent safety standards, presenting significant risks to children. He advocated for stronger regulatory enforcement and consumer awareness to ensure that only CE-compliant products are sold within the EU. In closing, Antonino emphasized that safeguarding the digital marketplace requires both innovation and vigilance. By leveraging technology for effective market surveillance and fostering international cooperation, regulators can ensure that consumer protection keeps pace with the rapidly evolving digital economy. His address underscored the need for continuous adaptation of regulatory frameworks to protect consumers in an increasingly global and digitalized marketplace.

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Description automatically generated In the second keynote address of this session Dr. Pratima Narayan, a distinguished advocate and co-founder of Techlawlogi, brought forward an incisive and data-driven perspective on the challenges and opportunities posed by digital commerce in ensuring robust product safety. Drawing on her extensive experience, Dr. Narayan provided a comprehensive analysis of inventory-based and market-based models, underscoring their critical roles in managing risks and safeguarding consumers in an increasingly digitalized marketplace. She called for an urgent review of "mandatory standards," recognizing the dynamic nature of e-commerce and its potential to introduce unregulated or substandard products into consumer markets. Her address emphasized the importance of continually updating regulatory frameworks to match the pace of technological advancements and consumer habits. She highlighted key legislative instruments such as the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020, the Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 2011, alongside significant bodies like FSSAI and BIS, noting that while these frameworks provide foundational protection, they must evolve to address the nuances of online trade and digital marketplaces.

Dr. Narayan also delved into the critical need for international cooperation and standardization, arguing that without harmonized global safety protocols particularly in product labelling, instructions, and safety warnings the objective of comprehensive consumer protection remains elusive. She asserted that products circulating in global markets must adhere to uniform safety standards to prevent harm, particularly to vulnerable consumer groups. Her call for "large-scale campaigns about product safety" reflected the need for an informed and educated consumer base, which plays an essential role in the demand for safe and compliant products. In her nuanced analysis, Dr. Narayan addressed the rising influence of e-commerce platforms as gatekeepers of product safety. She concluded with a strong recommendation for "proactive monitoring by e-commerce service providers," emphasizing that platforms must take greater responsibility in ensuring that only safe, compliant, and certified products are made available to consumers. She advocated for rigorous oversight mechanisms and collaboration between regulators and platforms, asserting that consumer trust hinges on the credibility of these digital marketplaces. Her address reinforced that securing product safety in the digital realm is a multidimensional effort requiring the confluence of regulatory reforms, international cooperation, and the active participation of e-commerce platforms. Dr. Narayan’s discourse highlighted the need for an anticipatory approach, where monitoring, regulation, and education work in tandem to pre-empt safety breaches rather than merely responding to them post-incident. By advocating for this proactive stance, she laid out a comprehensive vision for the future of consumer protection in an increasingly interconnected and digital global economy.

Following the keynote sessions, several thought-provoking presentations addressed pressing issues related to digital safety and consumer protection.

Ms. Tejashwini P Neeralakeri and Ms. Vishakha Burnwal presented their research on "Digital Playground or Predatory Market? Safeguarding Kids in the Age of Targeted Advertising," highlighting the vulnerabilities of children in the digital age. They examined the psychological and health impacts of targeted ads, critiqued the shortcomings of Indian legislation, and underscored the urgent need for regulatory frameworks that account for the developmental stages of children. They concluded by advocating for robust monitoring and enforcement to balance commercial interests with child protection.

Miss Kashafanhir Khan and Dr. Shipra S. Singam explored the future of digital safety in their presentation, "A Study on the Future of Internet of Things & Cyber Security: Trends and Predictions for a Safe Digital World." They emphasized the significance of privacy, security, and copyright within IoT and AI systems, stressing the need for consumers and organizations to utilize resources and remain vigilant in protecting digital safety.

Dr. Jehirul Islam delivered a compelling presentation on "Product Safety in E-Commerce: A Consumer Protection Perspective," discussing the challenges posed by online markets in regulating unsafe products. He called for technological and legal interventions, urging the creation of databases to track product safety violations and recommending stricter measures to ensure consumer safety in the digital realm.

Dr. Caroleena Janefer and Dr. Bharathi explored the ethical responsibilities of social media influencers in their presentation, "Influencer Ethics: Protecting Consumers." They highlighted how influencers impact consumer behaviour through endorsements and stressed the need for stricter regulations to ensure accurate and responsible product recommendations.

Ms. Anisha A. Kulal and Ms. Rishal Disha Dsouza examined consumer trust in their presentation, "Evaluating Consumer Trust and Security in E-Commerce: A Study of Online Shopping Concerns." They emphasized that transparent security measures are essential in building consumer confidence in e-commerce, calling for enhanced safety protocols to address the concerns of online shoppers.

Chairpersons Dr. Sourabh V.C. Ubale and Ms. Diseye Oba provided insightful reflections on the first three presentations, focusing on the challenges posed by the digital marketplace in safeguarding vulnerable consumers, particularly children. They highlighted the critical need for regulatory frameworks that prioritize protection in digital spaces, especially against harmful advertising practices. Dr. Ubale emphasized the significant psychological and developmental impacts of targeted advertisements on children, urging the implementation of stricter monitoring and compliance mechanisms. Ms. Oba added that heightened security and privacy measures are necessary within digital ecosystems, stressing that as technologies evolve, regulations must also adapt to better protect users, especially when it comes to the Internet of Things and related platforms. Dr. Apoorva Dixit and Dr. H. Kadri reflected on the last two presentations, emphasizing the growing influence of digital media and the need for ethical guidelines in online endorsements. Dr. Dixit underscored the responsibility of influencers, suggesting that stringent regulations be enforced to ensure that misleading promotions are curbed. She called for transparency and accountability from both influencers and the platforms that host them. Dr. Kadri supported this, recommending mandatory ethical training for those involved in digital endorsements, while also urging digital platforms to take a more active role in ensuring compliance.

Technical Session-2 was skilfully moderated by Mr. Gautam Patel and Ms. Sindhuja Mohanty students of B.A. LL.B III and B.A. LL.B II respectively, who ensured the smooth flow of presentations and discussions throughout the session. The session concluded with a gracious Vote of Thanks delivered by Ms. Amarachi Iheagwam, COO, The Safety Chic, Nigeria, where she expressed her sincere appreciation to the presenters for their deep insights.

DAY 2

On Day 2 of the Protect and Serve: The 2024 International Conference on Product Safety and Consumer Advocacy, the session began with a warm welcome to all participants. In addition to discussions on product safety and consumer protection, the day highlighted the critical theme of sustainability. This included exploring the integration of sustainable practices into product design, manufacturing, and regulatory frameworks. Experts emphasized how sustainability not only contributes to environmental preservation but also enhances long-term consumer safety by reducing harmful materials and promoting resource-efficient production.

Technical Session-3

Green Guard: Integrating Sustainability with Product Safety

Following the welcome address, the proceedings of Technical Session-3, titled Green Guard: Integrating Sustainability with Product Safety, commenced with an enlightening keynote by Dr. Julius Akpong, Head of QHSE at Egbin Power Plc, Nigeria. His presentation on the intersection of sustainability and product safety was profound, offering a wealth of insight into this critical area. Dr. Akpong underscored the vital importance of product safety, affirming that “product safety is of immense importance as it positively influences consumer health.” His discourse delved into the concept of the Green Guard, articulating the necessity of intertwining sustainability with product safety protocols. He further expounded on global concerns surrounding product safety, the need for a sustainable safety culture, and the imperative of embedding sustainability principles into every facet of product safety. His presentation, characterized by intellectual depth and precision, illuminated the Green Guard Certification Process, supported by case studies that provided a tangible connection between theory and practice. Dr. Akpong did not shy away from addressing the numerous challenges inherent in this integration, offering practical solutions and shedding light on the emerging trends reshaping the landscape of sustainable product safety. He articulated that “product safety is the capacity of a product to be considered safe for its intended use,” further adding that “extensive care, maintenance, and modification can extend the life cycle of a product far beyond the life length anticipated by the producer.” This observation highlighted the profound impact of sustainability measures on product longevity and lifecycle management. Dr. Akpong concluded with a resonant call to action, declaring that “to meet the challenges of the future, it is inevitable to integrate sustainability into every aspect of a product’s lifecycle.” He emphasized that “a product must not only be safe but must also reflect the culture of the environment in which it is produced,” underscoring the importance of cultural and environmental alignment in product development. His presentation was not only comprehensive but also deeply thought-provoking, setting a high standard for the remainder of the conference. Dr. Akpong's insights into the convergence of sustainability and product safety left a lasting impression, urging all participants to consider the essential role of sustainability in shaping the future of safe, ethical, and environmentally responsible products.

The second keynote speaker of Technical Session-3, Dr. Sushila, Associate Professor, Project Director, and Chair on Consumer Law at National Law University, Delhi, delivered a profound and research-driven presentation on Green Guard: Integrating Sustainability with Product Safety. Her address was marked by a rigorous exploration of definitions and landmark changes in Indian consumer law, particularly following the introduction of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. Dr. Sushila's meticulous research shed light on pivotal concepts such as product liability, product service providers, and product sellers, highlighting the crucial role of information disclosure in ensuring consumer safety. She delved into the enhanced powers of the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA), which now holds significant authority to act in the interest of consumers. In her remarks, Dr. Sushila emphasized the far-reaching impact of the CCPA’s mandate, stating: “The CCPA has been granted wide powers to take suo-moto actions, recall products, order reimbursement of the price of goods/services, cancel licenses, and file class action suits if a consumer complaint affects more than one individual.” This represents a transformative shift in consumer protection, equipping the CCPA to proactively safeguard consumer interests and hold companies accountable for unsafe or misleading products. She also explored the role of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms in resolving consumer disputes efficiently, aligning them with the overarching goal of sustainability. Her presentation not only dissected the legal frameworks shaping product safety in India but also contextualized these developments within the global push towards integrating sustainability with regulatory practices. Dr. Sushila's insights contributed a critical legal perspective to the session, reinforcing the importance of robust consumer protection laws in fostering a culture of sustainable and safe products.

Following the keynote address, K. Aswini and P.V. Mounika delivered a comprehensive presentation on their paper, Consumer Protection in the Digital Age: Examining the Role of Safety Standards and Liability in Online Transactions. Their research delved into the growing complexities of ensuring consumer safety within the digital marketplace, underscoring the vital role of legal frameworks such as the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 and E-commerce Rules, 2020. While these laws provide a foundation for safeguarding consumers, the presenters highlighted the challenges posed by the fast-paced evolution of technology. They stressed the need for dynamic and responsive regulations, as intermediaries like e-commerce platforms assume a pivotal role in ensuring product safety and authenticity in the digital age.

Piyush Kumar Kiradoo then presented his scholarly work, The Impact of Safety Standards on International Trade Laws in Children's Products, offering an incisive exploration of how product safety standards influence international trade, particularly in the realm of children's products. He expounded upon the importance of adhering to rigorous safety standards, noting that manufacturers must prioritize safety to avoid the legal ramifications of defective products. Kiradoo further argued that the harmonization of global safety standards not only mitigates consumer risk but also fosters economic growth by ensuring safer and more reliable international trade practices.

Ms. Praseetha N.U followed with her thought-provoking paper, How Far Do Product Liability Laws in India Attain Sustainability? A Critical Analysis. She presented a meticulous critique of the intersection between product liability and sustainability, emphasizing that while consumer rights are increasingly safeguarded, the ecological impact of products is often overlooked. Ms. Praseetha articulated the urgent need for sustainability to be integrated more fully within consumer law and advocated for international cooperation and standardization. Her analysis concluded with a call for legal frameworks to evolve in a manner that balances consumer protection with the pressing global demand for sustainable practices.

The Chairpersons, Ms. Diseye Oba and Dr. Anjum Ajmeri Ansari, offered valuable feedback on the presentations, commending the presenters for their insightful explorations of sustainability and product safety. Both chairpersons highlighted the crucial intersection between these two areas, emphasizing the importance of embedding sustainability principles into product safety practices. They underscored the need for comprehensive and adaptive regulations that can effectively support the integration of sustainability across industries, ensuring that consumer safety is maintained while promoting environmentally responsible production and consumption practices. Their remarks reinforced the session’s key theme: sustainability is not only an environmental necessity but also a vital component of future product safety frameworks.

Technical Session-3 was skilfully moderated by Ms. Sindhuja Mohanty B.A. LL.B III student of Dr.D.Y.Patil Law College, Pimpri, who ensured the smooth flow of presentations and discussions throughout the session. The session concluded with a gracious Vote of Thanks delivered by Ms. Amarachi Iheagwam, Chief Operating Officer of The Safety Chic, Nigeria, where she expressed her sincere appreciation to the presenters for their deep insights.

Technical Session 4:

Following the enlightening discourse of Technical Session 3, which delved into the intricate relationship between sustainability and product safety, the conference transitioned seamlessly into Technical Session 4. This session featured a Special Presentation by Ms. Nina Kriznik, an esteemed Food Expert from Slovenia. Ms. Kriznik's presentation, titled Ensuring Consumer Protection: An Examination of Food Supplements Safety and Regulatory Framework, continued the critical dialogue on consumer protection, this time focusing on the vital issue of food supplements.

Ms. Kriznik delivered a deeply researched and thought-provoking analysis, illuminating the significant challenges posed by the current regulatory frameworks governing food and dietary supplements. She provided a detailed exploration of the complexities surrounding these products, including misleading advertisements, the ambiguity of consumer safety, and the insufficient regulatory oversight. Ms. Kriznik asserted that “enhanced consumer education is crucial for empowering individuals to make informed choices about their dietary supplement use,” emphasizing the pivotal role that informed consumers play in safeguarding their own well-being. Moreover, Ms. Kriznik underscored the gaps in regulatory oversight, citing the vast array of supplements available in the marketplace, which often escapes stringent scrutiny. She observed that “there is a lack of comprehensive oversight over the wide variety of dietary supplements available to consumers, which creates potential gaps in ensuring their quality and safety.” Her presentation culminated in a powerful call to action, urging regulatory bodies to implement stricter and more effective oversight, concluding with the recommendation that “regulatory bodies must implement stricter oversight of food supplements” to ensure their safety and authenticity for consumers. Ms. Kriznik's insights reinforced the broader theme of the conference, urging both regulatory reform and consumer awareness to protect public health in an increasingly complex marketplace.

Following Ms. Nina Kriznik's special presentation, the session moved forward with insightful contributions from several presenters, beginning with Miss Swara S. Gote and Mister Om M. Gudadhe, who presented their research titled A Study on the Influence of Demographic Conditions on Parents' Purchasing Behavior. They thoroughly examined the various demographic factors affecting parents' purchasing decisions, including income, education, and social background. Their research highlighted that "income is a very influential factor while making decisions for purchasing products." They also noted that parents prioritize product quality, especially when it concerns safeguarding their children's health. They concluded with the assertion that “the safety of children is a major concern for parents and also for to-be parents.”

The next presentation by Ms. Shivani Dutta and Mr. Sanjay Utagi, titled Assessing the Impact of Microplastics in Food: A Comparative Legal Analysis of India and Global Standards, delved into the growing concern of microplastics in food. Their extensive research covered topics such as the sources of plastic contamination in the food chain, health risks, and the regulatory frameworks in India and the USA. They emphasized the absence of specific regulations in India, stating, “In India, the research and regulation on microplastics in food are inadequate,” and called for strengthened enforcement mechanisms and increased public awareness to mitigate the risks associated with plastic contamination.

Miss Kaza Mounika Lakshmi Sruti presented her paper on Global Harmonization: Cross-Border Strategies for Product Safety and Consumer Protection, where she discussed the benefits of harmonizing international regulations to ease the burden on businesses while ensuring consumer protection worldwide. She highlighted the roles of international organizations like ISO and WHO, noting that “global organizations can help develop collaborative regulatory systems that benefit all.” Her conclusion stressed that “international collaboration and ongoing innovation are necessary to keep consumer protection standards up to date with the evolving global marketplace.”

Ms. Anakha Angeline Anilesh followed with her research presentation titled Leveraging AI in Empowering Consumers to Negotiate Fair Terms in Consumer Contracts. She discussed how AI could revolutionize consumer interactions with standard form contracts, where negotiation power is often limited. Ms. Anakha explained that “standard contracts limit consumer negotiation power, resulting in acceptance of potentially unfair terms.” She further remarked that AI technology offers a groundbreaking opportunity for consumers to challenge unfair terms and make more informed decisions.

Lastly, Dr. Vikas Trivedi presented his detailed research on Child Consumers and the Product Liability Regime. Dr. Trivedi provided an in-depth analysis of the legal landscape surrounding product liability for children, noting that India is home to 19% of the world’s child population. He emphasized the moral imperative of ensuring product safety, stating that “product safety is beyond legality, it is a moral imperative,” and advocated for a clear distinction between products intended for children and those for general use. He concluded by calling for a robust regulatory system, the promotion of green toys, and greater international collaboration to address the challenges of ensuring child product safety.

The Chairpersons Ms. Diseye Oba and Dr. Saleem Shaikh, offered constructive feedback on each presentation, commending the presenters for their thorough research and valuable insights into various dimensions of consumer protection. Both chairpersons emphasized the pressing need for stronger legal frameworks to address emerging challenges in the marketplace. They also highlighted the importance of enhancing consumer education as a critical tool in ensuring safety and fairness. Their feedback encouraged the presenters to continue contributing to the development of robust consumer protection mechanisms that respond to the evolving complexities of global markets.

Following the series of insightful presentations, the conference transitioned into the Valedictory Session, marking the conclusion of the Protect and Serve: The 2024 International Conference on Product Safety and Consumer Advocacy. This closing session provided an opportunity to reflect on the rich discussions and critical insights shared throughout the event.

Technical Session-4 was skilfully moderated by Ms. Arunima Ghosh, B.A. LL.B IV Student of Dr. D.Y.Patil Law College, Pimpri, who ensured the smooth flow of presentations and discussions throughout the session. The session concluded with a gracious Vote of Thanks delivered by Assistant Professor Dr. Vijeta Chaudhary, where she expressed her sincere appreciation to the presenters for their deep insights.

Valedictory Session

The Valedictory Session commenced with a warm welcome and introduction of the esteemed Chief Guest, Hon'ble Prof. Dr. Dilip Ukey, Vice Chancellor of Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai. The introduction was delivered by Shivanjali Mane, Senior Researcher at Ram-Krishna Law Firm and Research Centre (RKLFRC), who highlighted Prof. Dr. Ukey’s remarkable contributions to legal academia and his leadership in advancing legal education in India.

Following the introduction of the Chief Guest, the Report of the Proceedings was presented by Ms. Ugochi Obidiegwu, the Coordinator of the conference and Founder of The Safety Chic. Ms. Obidiegwu provided a detailed account of the key discussions and insights shared during the various sessions of the conference. Her report captured the critical issues surrounding product safety, sustainability, consumer protection, and the global regulatory landscape, as discussed by the diverse panel of experts and researchers. Ms. Obidiegwu also had the honor of placing the Resolution before the assembly, which encapsulated the core takeaways and commitments arising from the conference. The resolution highlighted the need for enhanced international cooperation, stricter regulatory oversight, consumer education, and the integration of sustainability within product safety frameworks. In presenting the resolution, Ms. Obidiegwu called for collective action from policymakers, regulators, industries, and consumer advocates to ensure the advancement of these objectives, fostering a safer, more transparent, and consumer-centric global marketplace.

$A person sitting in a chair Description automatically generated$ In a thought-provoking and extraordinary valedictory address at the 2024 International Conference on Product Safety and Consumer Advocacy, Prof. Dr. Dilip Ukey, Vice Chancellor of Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai, delivered a profound reflection on the critical themes discussed throughout the event. His address not only resonated with the core objectives of the conference but also presented a forward-looking vision for the future of consumer safety and advocacy. Dr. Ukey began by emphasizing the necessity for every stakeholder in the product safety ecosystem to introspect and evaluate their contributions, stating, “We should reflect on our roles in consumer safety.” This reflection, he argued, must transcend individual and organizational boundaries, compelling a collective sense of responsibility that involves manufacturers, regulators, policymakers, and consumers alike. He stressed that product safety is not merely a legal or regulatory requirement but a moral obligation that must be at the heart of all production, marketing, and consumer interactions. His words echoed the need for a renewed commitment to ensuring that consumer protection, particularly for vulnerable groups, remains an unshakable priority in the fast-evolving global marketplace. Addressing the increasing influence of digital platforms in shaping consumer behaviour and awareness, Prof. Dr. Ukey highlighted the role of social media as a powerful tool in amplifying product safety and consumer advocacy efforts. He remarked that “social media can amplify its role in this field,” recognizing that digital platforms are not only spaces for commerce but also vital channels for educating consumers, spreading awareness, and holding manufacturers accountable. He underscored that the digital age provides unprecedented opportunities for consumers to access information, voice grievances, and demand transparency, thus playing an active role in ensuring product safety. However, he cautioned that with this power comes the responsibility to ensure that the information being disseminated is accurate, reliable, and used constructively to improve product safety standards worldwide.

One of the key highlights of Prof. Dr. Ukey’s address was his focus on the importance of transparency, particularly concerning products intended for children. He noted that “transparency must be upheld, especially for children,” underlining the heightened duty that manufacturers and regulators have towards protecting the youngest and most vulnerable consumers. Children, he explained, are uniquely dependent on the decisions made by adults regarding the products they use, from toys to food, clothing, and technology. Thus, ensuring that information about these products is clear, truthful, and accessible to consumers is not just a regulatory necessity but an ethical imperative. He called for stringent measures to ensure that product information—whether it pertains to safety warnings, ingredients, or usage instructions—is not obscured by technicalities or commercial interests. Prof. Dr. Ukey reiterated that upholding transparency in this area is foundational to fostering trust between consumers and the marketplace. In concluding his valedictory address, Prof. Dr. Ukey issued a compelling call to collective action, urging all attendees and stakeholders to unite in their efforts to build a safer world for consumers. He eloquently expressed that “together we can pave the way for a safer world for consumers,” reinforcing the notion that while the challenges in product safety are vast, they are not insurmountable when tackled through collaboration, innovation, and unwavering commitment. He called upon regulators, manufacturers, consumer advocacy groups, and legal professionals to join forces in strengthening the frameworks that protect consumers, ensuring that safety and protection are the cornerstones of all global and domestic trade. Prof. Dr. Ukey’s valedictory address encapsulated the essence of the conference by reminding all participants of their crucial roles in the global movement for consumer protection. His reflections were not merely a summary of the topics discussed but a call to action that highlighted the urgent need for transparency, education, and collaboration. As the conference drew to a close, his inspiring words left a lasting impression on all attendees, providing a clear roadmap for future endeavors in product safety and consumer advocacy. His address served as a fitting conclusion to an event that was dedicated to ensuring the protection and well-being of consumers in an increasingly complex and interconnected world.

Following the profound valedictory address delivered by Prof. Dr. Dilip Ukey, the conference proceeded to the much-anticipated Awards Ceremony, a moment dedicated to recognizing scholarly excellence and exceptional contributions to the field of product safety and consumer advocacy. Prof. Ukey, in his capacity as Chief Guest, graciously presented the Best Paper and Best Presenter Awards, acknowledging the outstanding research efforts that enriched the intellectual fabric of the conference.

Best Paper Presenter Award was conferred upon Dr. Jahirul Islam, who received a cash prize of Rs. 5000/- along with a certificate for his outstanding presentation and research.
First Best Paper Award was presented to Dr. Thippeswamy S., who was awarded Rs. 10,000/- and a certificate for his exceptional research contribution that stood out as the most distinguished paper of the conference.
Second Best Paper Award was jointly awarded to Ms. Shivani Dutta and Mr. Sanjay Utagi for their impressive research, earning them a cash prize of Rs. 7000/- along with a certificate.

The conference concluded with Closing Remarks delivered by Dr. S. S. Gopakumar, I/C Principal, Dr. D. Y. Patil Law College, Pimpri. In his thoughtful address, Dr. Gopakumar reflected on the profound discussions and insights gained throughout the event, highlighting the importance of continuing the momentum in advocating for stronger consumer protection and product safety frameworks. He commended the organizers, participants, and speakers for their exceptional contributions and reiterated the significance of such gatherings in shaping policy, research, and practice in the field of consumer advocacy.

Dr. Gopakumar emphasized the need for ongoing collaboration among academics, practitioners, and policymakers to address emerging challenges in product safety and consumer rights, encouraging participants to carry forward the key takeaways from the conference in their respective fields.

The conference officially concluded with a heartfelt Vote of Thanks delivered by Assistant Professor Ms. Samrudhee Shah. She expressed gratitude to all the dignitaries, speakers, researchers, and participants for their invaluable contributions, as well as to the organizing team for their dedication and hard work. Ms. Shah also extended her sincere appreciation to Prof. Dr. Dilip Ukey, the esteemed Chief Guest, for his insightful valedictory address, and thanked all the sponsors and partners who made the event a resounding success.

Valedictory Session was skilfully moderated by Ms. Nivedita Roy B.A. LL.B IV student of Dr.D.Y.Patil Law College, Pimpri, who ensured the smooth flow of inauguration. With these final words of gratitude, the 2024 International Conference on Product Safety and Consumer Advocacy came to a close, leaving participants inspired and committed to advancing the cause of consumer protection and product safety globally.

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